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Wednesday, July 30, 2025

Java Variables - 3

Local Variables 

Local variables are declared within a local scope. A local variable can be:

- a variable declared inside a method
-  a method argument
- a variable declared in a for loop
- a variable declared in a scope bounded by {}, and so on

When you declare a local variable without explicit initialization, what value will Java initialize it to?

a) A default value 
b) A junk value
c) its minimum value
d) none of the above

Created by Nancy K.A.N.
@13:16 30-Jul-2025

Tuesday, July 29, 2025

Java Data types - 2

 Java is a strictly typed language. Unlike C, where the size of some data types is machine-dependent, Java has a fixed size and thus range for every type. Keeping the fact in mind that Java is a strictly typed language, what will be the output of the following code?

1. /**

 2.  *

 3.  * @author Nancy K.A.N.

 4.  */

 5. public class Datatype2Demo {

 6.     public static void main(String[] args) {

 7.         short x = 32768;

 8.         System.out.println("x = "+x);

 9.     }

10. }

11.  

 

Created by Nancy K.A.N.

@12:50 29-Jul-2025


Monday, July 28, 2025

Java Strings - combining two strings

You have two strings, and you want to combine them into a single string, for example:

String s1="Hello";
String s2 = " World";

String s3 should have a combined value of Hello World

Which of the following methods of the String API can be used?

a) merge
b) join
c) concat
d) replace

Created By: Nancy N.
@16:45 28-Jul-12025

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Sunday, July 27, 2025

Algorithms - 1

Algorithms are essential for every programmer. There are algorithms for searching, sorting, pattern matching, traversing, and more.

Which of the following are sorting algorithms?

a) Binary

b) Boyer-Moore 

c) Radix

d) Heap

e) Bubble


Created by Nancy N.

@12:42 27-Jul-2025

Saturday, July 26, 2025

Class Relationships

 Aggregation is a special form of _______________________ that represents ownership relationship between two objects.

a) composition

b) inheritance

c) association

d) implementation


Created By Nancy N

@16:40 26-Jul-2025

Friday, July 25, 2025

Java Operators Precedence

 Java expressions are created using a combination of variables and operators. When multiple operators are used in the same expression, Java executes these operators in a specific order.  This is called operator precedence. 

Here are four operators:

 a) ++

b) +

c) ()

d) <<

In which order will these be executed if added into the same expression (high to low precedence)?

a) b, c, d, a

b) c, d, a, b

c) c, a, b, d

d) a, b, c, d


Created by Nancy N.

@10:18 25-Jul-2025


Thursday, July 24, 2025

Java DMD

 What does DMD in Java stand for?

a) Dispatching Method Dynamically

b) Distributing Messages Dynamically

c) Dynamic Message Distribution

d) Dynamic Method Dispatch


Created by Nancy N.

@12:32 24-Jul-2025


Tuesday, July 22, 2025

Java Datatypes -1

Can you assign a fractional value to an int by typecasting? What will be the outcome of the following code?

 1. /**

 2.  * @author Nancy K.A.N.

 3.  */

 4. public class Datatype1 {

 5.     public static void main(String[] args) {

 6.         int x= (int)4.7;

 7.         System.out.println("x="+x);

 8.     }

 9. }

10.  

 

Created by Nancy N.

@12:21 22-Jul-2025

Sunday, July 20, 2025

Open-Closed principle

 You are writing code for an application following the Open-Closed principle. Which of the following actions will you choose not to violate the Open-Closed principle?

a) You extend an existing class

b) You add a method to an existing class rather than extending it

c) You extend an existing class and also override a method of the superclass 


Created by Nancy N.

@11:41 20-07-2025

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Friday, July 18, 2025

Value-Based classes Quiz

 Which of the following is not a Value-Based class?

a) Integer

b) Double

c) Object

d) Boolean


Created by Nancy N.

@18:04 18-Jul-2025

Monday, July 14, 2025

Java Regular Expressions - Quiz

 What will be the output of this regular expression (Java) code?

1. /*

 2. * Code by Nancy K.A.N.

 3. */

 4. import java.util.regex.Matcher;

 5. import java.util.regex.Pattern;

 6.  

 7. public class RegexSubStringTest {

 8.     public static void main(String[] args) {

 9.         String str1 = "This is an example of 'Java Regular Exressions'";

10.         Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("'(.*?)'");

11.         Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(str1);

12.         if (matcher.find())

13.         {

14.             System.out.println(matcher.group(1));

15.         }

16.     }

17. }

18.  

Created by Nancy K.A.N.

@17:13 14-Jul-2025


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Sunday, July 13, 2025

Bitwise Shift Operators - 1

 What is the output of the following code?

/**

  * @author Nancy K.A.N.

 */

public class BitwiseDemo1 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        int a =4;

        int b = a<<3;

        System.out.println(b);

    }

}


By Nancy K.A.N.

@22:06 13-Jul-2025


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Friday, July 11, 2025

Product Life Cycle Stages

The software industry accepts and follows the following life cycle stages for a product:

1. Project proposal

2. Requirement gathering and analysis

3. Designing

4. Code development

5. Testing

6. Implementation

7. Maintenance

8. End Of Life (EOL)

8-A An entirely new product or another product with better features


Created by Nancy K.A.N.

@15;42 11-Jul-2025

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Thursday, July 10, 2025

Some Acronyms - Programming practices

DRY - Don't Repeat Yourself

KISS - Keep It Simple Stupid

SLAP - Single Level Abstraction Principle

SOLID - contains five principles (SRP, OCP, LSP, ISP, DIP)

SRP - Single Responsibility Principle

OCP - Open-Closed Principle

LSP - Liskov Substitution Principle

ISP - Interface Segregation Principle

DIP - Dependency Inversion Principle


Created by Nancy K.A.N.

@21:17 10-Jul-2025

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Wednesday, July 9, 2025

Java Best Practices

In Java, what are the best practices for naming classes and variables?

a)  Upper Camel case for class names

b) Lower camel case for class names

c) Upper Camel case for variable names

d) Lower Camel case for variable names

e) all lowercase for class names as well as variable names


Created by Nancy K.A.N.

@19:10 09-Jul-2025

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Tuesday, July 8, 2025

Java Platform - 1

 Java incorporated platform independence by ___________________.

a) Interfaces 

b) classes

c) Java Native Interface

d) Java Virtual Machine


Created by Nancy K.A.N.

@13:39 08-Jul-2025

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Monday, July 7, 2025

Java Interfaces Default Methods

 In which Java version were the interface default methods introduced?

a) Java 7

b) Java 8

c) Java 9

d) Java 11


Created by Nancy K.A.N.

@17:32 07-Jul-2025

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Sunday, July 6, 2025

Java Value-Based class

 A Value-Based class is a Java class that wraps a value. All the wrapper classes (Byte, Short, Integer, Long, Character, Float, Double, and Boolean) in Java are Value-Based classes, as they wrap the primitive type. In addition to the wrapper classes, the Optional class and the Date and Time API classes are also Value-Based classes. 

A Value-Based class contains final fields and does not contain accessible constructors.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about Value-Based classes?

a) The class uses the instance's monitor to perform synchronization

b) If accessible constructors are created, they should be marked deprecated

c) The class should be instantiated only by using a factory method

d) The Value-Based class is always final


Created by Nancy K.A.N.

@22:22 06-Jul-2025

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Saturday, July 5, 2025

Java String API - 2

 What is the output of the following code? 

(Hint: CharSequence is an interface.)



Created by Nancy K.A.N.

@12:10 05-Jul-2025

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Friday, July 4, 2025

Java Behavioral Design Patterns

Behavioral patterns in Java address object communication. Using behavioral patterns, you can define the interaction and communication among objects as well as between objects and the user. For example, you can use behavioral design patterns to distribute responsibilities or a chain of command. Which of the following are behavioral patterns?

a) Command pattern

b) Observer pattern

c) Singleton pattern

d) Factory pattern

e) Facade pattern


Created by Nancy K.A.N.

@14:14 04-Jul-2025

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Wednesday, July 2, 2025

Java Variables - 2

 Which of the following are invalid variable names in Java?

a) !

b) $

c) _$

d) _


Created by Nancy K.A.N.

@23:09 02-Jul-2025

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Tuesday, July 1, 2025

Java String API - 1

 Which of the following methods is used to convert a Java String to an array of characters?

a) split()

b) getChars()

c) getBytes()

d) toCharArray()


Created by Nancy K.A.N.

@23:05 01-Jul-2025

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